The ones we need to supply are the ones listed in the properties editor window. The equation which relates the diode DC forward voltage as a function of current is ( ) I d = I s e V d n V t 1 where V t is the forward voltage drop at 25 degrees C of an ideal junction, also given by V t = k B T q 9ġ1 where k B = Boltzmann s constant T = temperature in degrees Kelvin q = charge of the electron most of these are constants that the program already knows about. Models and Parameters When the computer creates that small piece of virtual reality which represents your physical circuit, it uses sets of equations which describe the operation of each device you insert. So, what are these parameters? Time to explore one of the delights of computer circuit simulation, device modeling. 5ġ0 and each of these entries sets one parameter of the virtual component we are using to model the diode. 2 You can change this name if you wish, in the Properties menu of the Edit properties window. You can try different values in any of these to see the effect one of the advantages of a simulator over a physical prototype is that you can t blow up your diode by feeding too much current through it! So I hit the simulation button and it passed me over the results page, and I created a couple of graphs of the output. 2 The rest of the entries set the type of sweep (here logarithmic) and the range of values over which to sweep. So the result of all this is that the component property value Id1 of the current source s property I will be swept through a range of values as determined by our parameter sweep function named SW1. If you look at the current source driving our diode you will see that it just happens to be labeled Idrive. 2Ħ The first two items to take note of are the Simulation entry (here DC1, corresponding to the name of the simulation box) and the Sweep Parameter entry, here entered as Id1. If you really want to be thorough you could then also build the circuit and measure the result. 1 I could tell you the value my simulation gave, but why should I spoil your fun. To set all the resistances to the correct value I would have had to open the Properties Editor window twelve times here is how it looks. 1 Those with good attention to detail will be complaining about now that I haven t really solved the problem, as the question mentioned one ohm resistors while I have used fifty ohms. If I use a current of one amp, the output voltage will be equal to the resistance in ohms. As I am forcing a constant current through the cube from one corner to another, Ohm s Law tells me that the voltage between those corners will give me the resistance. With my cube of resistors accurately drawn, I only have to hit the simulation button and the tabulated results will show me the voltage at the corner node. And, I might add, it is ALWAYS worth checking that we have done it right simulate the wrong circuit and it will tell you lies. The Rule is: if we can correlate the junctions of our components with those of the real circuit, we are accurately representing the physical circuit. Sometimes we have to bend and squeeze things to get it into a format that our simulator will accept, which leaves us wondering whether we are working with an accurate representation. 1ģ Which all might seem trivial, but is a good reminder right at the beginning that we are creating a virtual representation of a physical circuit. Which I m sure is topologically the same as a cube. Then I wired two sets of four into squares, then connected the remaining four between the corners of the squares. Figure 1: resistor cube schematic All I did was select resistance in the left hand component window and paste them down, rotating as necessary, until I had twelve on the schematic. Here is my attempt to make a cube in Qucs anyone is welcome to try and improve it. What is the resistance between opposite corners of the cube? The intention may have been to teach soldering, as more than one student solved it by making just such a cube! These days we can do that without touching the soldering iron we simulate the circuit. 2 DC Static Circuits A favourite question in electronics courses used to be: You have twelve one ohm resistors you connect them together so that each resistor lies along the edge of a cube.
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